“Principles of International Cooperation in the Detection Arrest Extradition and Punishment of Persons Guilty of War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity” of 1973
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Ignita Veritas United (IVU) is an inter-governmental organization (IGO) advancing human rights. It features Ignita Veritas University (IV University) - among only 5 universities in the world with diplomatic status, Magna Carta Bar Chambers (MCBC) - an international law firm of Barristers as the university law center, and Sovereign Court of International Justice (SCIJ) - operated by the independent Judiciary profession.
1
Sovereign Law Series
“Principles of International Cooperation in
the Detection Arrest Extradition and
Punishment of Persons Guilty of War Crimes
and Crimes Against Humanity” of 1973
Short-Form Reference:
1973 “Principles of Crimes Against Humanity”
In-Line Micro Reference:
1973 “Crimes Against Humanity”
Ratification / Registration:
UN-GA Res. 3074 (XXVIII) (03 Dec 1973)
© 2020 Sovereign Court of International Justice (SCIJ). All International Rights Reserved.
The 1979 “Berne Convention” fully protects this proprietary collection as a selection and arrangement of
works (Art. 2.5), and protects these documents as derivative works (Art. 2.3) and adaptations (Art. 12). All
unauthorized republication or distribution including online is illegal (Art. 9). “Fair Use” does not permit
infringement for unfair competition by another non-profit (17 USC 107), which is a criminal offense
punishable by 10 years imprisonment (18 USC 241; UK Copyright Act §107).
2
Introductory Notes by the Independent Judiciary
Download Sovereign Law Series – This “Sovereign Law Series” is presented by the
Sovereign Court of International Justice (SCIJ), as a proprietary system for standardized
reference and effective use of international law sources. It provides primary sources
of the modern framework of “conventional international law”, which contains
provisions to invoke “customary international law” which is the “Common Law”.
Download the “Intro & Index” (with links to all documents in the collection) here:
Introduction & Index
Independence from the UN – The United Nations (UN) is not a “world government”,
and has no authority for any type of “global governance”: The UN is prohibited to
interfere with self-determination of peoples or sovereignty of States (UN Charter,
Articles 1.2, 2.1, 2.7), and is liable for any of its own violations of international law and
rights (2012 Declaration on Rule of Law, Article 2). The UN is not a “world
parliament”, and has no authority to enact any form of “legislation”: The UN General
Assembly (GA) is only a forum for States to codify and declare general recognition of
rights and doctrines of international law (UN Charter, Article 13.1).
Reclaiming Law and Rights – The UN has no authority to “own” or “control”
international law: All the conventions actually belong to the Peoples of the Nations,
and the UN is only authorized to register and publish them (1969 Law of Treaties,
Articles 1(e), 76.1, 80; UN Charter, Article 102). Once a convention recognizes “rights”,
those “may not be revoked or modified” (1969 Law of Treaties, Articles 36.1, 37.2),
and “become binding upon” all States as “customary rules of international law” which
are “recognized” by that convention (Article 38). Therefore, all law and rights
evidenced in conventions belong to the People, and can be invoked by the People and
enforced by the Independent Judiciary, in perpetuity.
Words of Rights in Red – Operative words and phrases most effective for invoking and
enforcing Rights, which are the most used by Barristers and Judges, are printed in Red
font for ease of visual reference. Some key words may be underlined for emphasis.
Commentary in Green – [Expert commentary from Barristers and Judges may be
added in Green font, in Brackets, to guide effective use to assert and enforce rights.]
3
Official Text of this Law Source as Ratified
Principles of International Cooperation in the Detection
Arrest Extradition and Punishment of Persons Guilty
of War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity
Preamble
The General Assembly,
Recalling its resolutions 2583 (XXIV) of 15 December 1969, 2712 (XXV) of 15 December
1970, 2840 (XXVI) of 18 December 1971 and 3020 (XXVII) of 18 December 1972;
Taking into account the special need for international action in order to ensure the
prosecution and punishment of persons guilty of war crimes and crimes against
humanity;
Having considered the draft principles of international cooperation in the detection,
arrest, extradition and punishment of persons guilty of war crimes and crimes against
humanity;
Declares that the United Nations, in pursuance of the principles and purposes set forth
in the Charter concerning the promotion of cooperation between peoples and the
maintenance of international peace and security, proclaims the following principles of
international cooperation in the detection, arrest, extradition and punishment of
persons guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity:
Article 1
War crimes and crimes against humanity, wherever they are committed, shall be
subject to investigation and the persons against whom there is evidence that they
have committed such crimes shall be subject to tracing, arrest, trial and, if found
guilty, to punishment.
Article 2
Every State has the right to try its own nationals for war crimes against humanity.
4
Article 3
States shall cooperate with each other on a bilateral and multilateral basis with a view
to halting and preventing war crimes and crimes against humanity, and shall take the
domestic and international measures necessary for that purpose.
Article 4
States shall assist each other in detecting, arresting and bringing to trial persons
suspected of having committed such crimes and, if they are found guilty, in punishing
them.
Article 5
Persons against whom there is evidence that they have committed war crimes and
crimes against humanity shall be subject to trial and, if found guilty, to punishment, as
a general rule in the countries in which they committed those crimes. In that
connection, States shall cooperate on questions of extraditing such persons.
Article 6
States shall cooperate with each other in the collection of information and evidence
which would help to bring to trial the persons indicated in paragraph 5 above and shall
exchange such information.
Article 7
In accordance with Article 1 of the Declaration on Territorial Asylum of 14 December
1967, States shall not grant asylum to any person with respect to whom there are
serious reasons for considering that he has committed a crime against peace, a war
crime or a crime against humanity.
Article 8
States shall not take any legislative or other measures which may be prejudicial to the
international obligations they have assumed in regard to the detection, arrest,
extradition and punishment of persons guilty of war crimes and crimes against
humanity.
5
Article 9
In cooperating with a view to the detection, arrest and extradition of persons against
whom there is evidence that they have committed war crimes and crimes against
humanity and, if found guilty, their punishment, States shall act in conformity with the
provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and of the Declaration on Principles of
International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation among States in
accordance with the Charter of the United Nations.
Sovereign Law Series
“Principles of International Cooperation in
the Detection Arrest Extradition and
Punishment of Persons Guilty of War Crimes
and Crimes Against Humanity” of 1973
Short-Form Reference:
1973 “Principles of Crimes Against Humanity”
In-Line Micro Reference:
1973 “Crimes Against Humanity”
Ratification / Registration:
UN-GA Res. 3074 (XXVIII) (03 Dec 1973)
© 2020 Sovereign Court of International Justice (SCIJ). All International Rights Reserved.
The 1979 “Berne Convention” fully protects this proprietary collection as a selection and arrangement of
works (Art. 2.5), and protects these documents as derivative works (Art. 2.3) and adaptations (Art. 12). All
unauthorized republication or distribution including online is illegal (Art. 9). “Fair Use” does not permit
infringement for unfair competition by another non-profit (17 USC 107), which is a criminal offense
punishable by 10 years imprisonment (18 USC 241; UK Copyright Act §107).
2
Introductory Notes by the Independent Judiciary
Download Sovereign Law Series – This “Sovereign Law Series” is presented by the
Sovereign Court of International Justice (SCIJ), as a proprietary system for standardized
reference and effective use of international law sources. It provides primary sources
of the modern framework of “conventional international law”, which contains
provisions to invoke “customary international law” which is the “Common Law”.
Download the “Intro & Index” (with links to all documents in the collection) here:
Introduction & Index
Independence from the UN – The United Nations (UN) is not a “world government”,
and has no authority for any type of “global governance”: The UN is prohibited to
interfere with self-determination of peoples or sovereignty of States (UN Charter,
Articles 1.2, 2.1, 2.7), and is liable for any of its own violations of international law and
rights (2012 Declaration on Rule of Law, Article 2). The UN is not a “world
parliament”, and has no authority to enact any form of “legislation”: The UN General
Assembly (GA) is only a forum for States to codify and declare general recognition of
rights and doctrines of international law (UN Charter, Article 13.1).
Reclaiming Law and Rights – The UN has no authority to “own” or “control”
international law: All the conventions actually belong to the Peoples of the Nations,
and the UN is only authorized to register and publish them (1969 Law of Treaties,
Articles 1(e), 76.1, 80; UN Charter, Article 102). Once a convention recognizes “rights”,
those “may not be revoked or modified” (1969 Law of Treaties, Articles 36.1, 37.2),
and “become binding upon” all States as “customary rules of international law” which
are “recognized” by that convention (Article 38). Therefore, all law and rights
evidenced in conventions belong to the People, and can be invoked by the People and
enforced by the Independent Judiciary, in perpetuity.
Words of Rights in Red – Operative words and phrases most effective for invoking and
enforcing Rights, which are the most used by Barristers and Judges, are printed in Red
font for ease of visual reference. Some key words may be underlined for emphasis.
Commentary in Green – [Expert commentary from Barristers and Judges may be
added in Green font, in Brackets, to guide effective use to assert and enforce rights.]
3
Official Text of this Law Source as Ratified
Principles of International Cooperation in the Detection
Arrest Extradition and Punishment of Persons Guilty
of War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity
Preamble
The General Assembly,
Recalling its resolutions 2583 (XXIV) of 15 December 1969, 2712 (XXV) of 15 December
1970, 2840 (XXVI) of 18 December 1971 and 3020 (XXVII) of 18 December 1972;
Taking into account the special need for international action in order to ensure the
prosecution and punishment of persons guilty of war crimes and crimes against
humanity;
Having considered the draft principles of international cooperation in the detection,
arrest, extradition and punishment of persons guilty of war crimes and crimes against
humanity;
Declares that the United Nations, in pursuance of the principles and purposes set forth
in the Charter concerning the promotion of cooperation between peoples and the
maintenance of international peace and security, proclaims the following principles of
international cooperation in the detection, arrest, extradition and punishment of
persons guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity:
Article 1
War crimes and crimes against humanity, wherever they are committed, shall be
subject to investigation and the persons against whom there is evidence that they
have committed such crimes shall be subject to tracing, arrest, trial and, if found
guilty, to punishment.
Article 2
Every State has the right to try its own nationals for war crimes against humanity.
4
Article 3
States shall cooperate with each other on a bilateral and multilateral basis with a view
to halting and preventing war crimes and crimes against humanity, and shall take the
domestic and international measures necessary for that purpose.
Article 4
States shall assist each other in detecting, arresting and bringing to trial persons
suspected of having committed such crimes and, if they are found guilty, in punishing
them.
Article 5
Persons against whom there is evidence that they have committed war crimes and
crimes against humanity shall be subject to trial and, if found guilty, to punishment, as
a general rule in the countries in which they committed those crimes. In that
connection, States shall cooperate on questions of extraditing such persons.
Article 6
States shall cooperate with each other in the collection of information and evidence
which would help to bring to trial the persons indicated in paragraph 5 above and shall
exchange such information.
Article 7
In accordance with Article 1 of the Declaration on Territorial Asylum of 14 December
1967, States shall not grant asylum to any person with respect to whom there are
serious reasons for considering that he has committed a crime against peace, a war
crime or a crime against humanity.
Article 8
States shall not take any legislative or other measures which may be prejudicial to the
international obligations they have assumed in regard to the detection, arrest,
extradition and punishment of persons guilty of war crimes and crimes against
humanity.
5
Article 9
In cooperating with a view to the detection, arrest and extradition of persons against
whom there is evidence that they have committed war crimes and crimes against
humanity and, if found guilty, their punishment, States shall act in conformity with the
provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and of the Declaration on Principles of
International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation among States in
accordance with the Charter of the United Nations.