Global Studies Spring Pre/Post Test
[Test Begins]
1. How did the religion of Judaism differ from the other religions of the time?
a. Judaism was monotheistic, believing in only one god.
b. Judaism was polytheistic, believing in many gods.
c. Judaism did not provide laws by which the people were to live their daily
lives
d. Judaism had no sacred text.
2. Which of the following is considered to be one of the world's oldest religions?
a. Hinduism
b. Toasism
c. Buddhism
d. Christianity
3. The Islamic religion was created as a direct result of what major event?
a. New trade routes were created by Arab merchants.
b. The prophet Moses received and transcribed The Ten Commandments.
c. The Prophet Muhammad received and transcribed revelations from the angel
Gabriel.
d. The prophet Jesus was the messiah and preached the gospel of the one true
God.
4. Which major world religion was founded by Siddhartha Gautama?
a. Hinduism
b. Buddhism
c. Christianity
d. Taoism
5. Which two core values do Hinduism and Buddhism share?
a. The Ten Commandments and the leadership of a messiah
b. Reincarnation and Karma
c. Good vs evil and heaven vs. hell
d. Strict Monotheism and rigorous prayer rituals
1
6. The first five books of the Christian bible are the same as the Jewish sacred texts
called the Torah. What does this suggest about the origins of Judaism and
Chrisitianity?
a. Both religions valued written scripture over oral tradition.
b. Both religions believe in reincarnation as a core value.
c. Both religions are older than the Eastern religions.
d. Both religions believe in the same one true God.
7. The Hebrews of the Old Testament foretold of a coming King, which Jesus
Christ claimed to be, this coming King was called
A. Prophet
B. Savior
C. Salvation
D. Messiah
8. The 8 fold path of Buddhism developed in part out of a rejection of which Hindu
core value?
a. The caste system
b. Reincarnation
c. Karma
d. Polytheism
9. All devout Muslims must follow a set of written rules. What are these rules
called?
a. The Koran
b. The Five Pillars
c. The Commandments
d. The Noble Truths
10.The Four Noble Truths of Buddhism include all of the following except
a. Ordinary life is full of sorrow and suffering
b. How you conduct yourself determines the outcome of the wheel of reincarnation
c. Suffering is caused by our desire to satisfy ourselves
d. The way to end suffering is to end desire and follow a Middle Path
2
11. What three categories did Rome’s social structure consist of?
A. Plebeians, women, emperors
a. Patricians, plebeians, slaves
b. Emperor, patricians, plebeians
c. Patricians, plebeians, women
12. Roman emperor Agustus laid down the framework for the Pax Romana. What
was the Pax Romana?
a. A series of fortifications
b. A program of public works
c. A period of peace and prosperity
d. A leader of the senate
Image 1.1
13. Examine the timeline above [image 1.1]. The Punic Wars were a series of three
wars waged by the Roman Republic against rival powers over control of the
western Europe and the Mediterranean. What does the destruction of Carthage in
149 BC and Corinth in 146 BC mean for the people of the Mediterranean?
3
A. Hannibal becomes Consul in Rome and betrays Corinth
B. Xerxes and the Persian empire worked with the Julius Caesar to defeat
Carthage
C. The Spartan army will conquer Greece and go on to conquer the
Mediterranean
D. Rome is the dominant power in the region and will expand dramatically.
14. During the Punic Wars Hannibal crossed the Mediterranean sea and advanced
on Rome from the North through the Alps with elephants, forcing Rome to make a
choice of continuing to attack Carthage or retreat, which Punic War was this? a.
A. First Punic War
B. Second Punic War
C. Third Punic War
D. Persian War
15.The Roman Empire was known for its engineering prowess, using a new
stronger building material called concrete. This was clearly demonstrated in their
widespread use of which structures?
a. aqueducts
b. arches and domes
c. paved roads
d. All of the above
4
[image 1.2]
16. Look at the image above[image 1.2] then answer the following question.
The ancient Romans displayed in their cities’ public squares a standardized code
stating the rights and duties of all Roman citizens. It was an attempt to ensure that
all citizens were treated equally. What were these called?
a. The Twelve Tables
b. The Pax Romana
c. Forum Law
d. The Sicilian Code
17. What was the lasting impact of the Second Triumvirate, a political alliance
formed by Octavian, Lepidus and Mark Antony?
a. They caused a shift from a republic government to an empire.
b. They failed to end a massive civil war in Rome.
c. They Reorganized the Roman social class to allow for more citizen rights for
the lower class.
d. They outlawed slaver in Rome.
5
18. Julius Caesar, Pompey and Crassus formed what is known as The First
Triumvirate. What was the major impact of the First Triumvirate on Roman
politics?
a. They created a new set of laws that were more inclusive to the plebians.
b. They championed the republic as the best form of government.
c. They challenged the checks and balances system of the Roman Republic and
shifted Rome towards dictatorial leadership.
d. They fostered a golden age in Rome of economic prosperity and no war.
19. Julius Caesar, Rome's first dictator, resulted in the citizen's response of:
a. giving in to his complete control, wanting to maintain citizenship
b. allowing his military conquests to continue to expand the empire
c. rebellion against one man having too much power, resulting in his
assassination on the Ides of March
d. voted out of office by the Senate
20. Octavian's defeat of Antony and Cleoptra solidified his rule as emperor and
officially ended the Roman republic. Before it was an empire, ancient Rome had a
republic government that in many ways resembled the current form of government
we have today in America. What were the three main branches of the Roman
Republic?
a. 2 Consuls, 300 Senators, the Plebian Assembly
b. 1 President, 300 senators,2 governors
c. 1 Consuls, 200 Senators, 2 Speakers of the house
d. 1 Dictator, 20 senators, 10 governors
6
21. Gladiator battles were large events usually lasting several days, with food and a
variety of entertainment events much like a fair or a concert today. What was the
main objective of hosting Gladiator battles in ancient Rome?
a. Keep the plebeians occupied and happy and less likely to protest or revolt
against their government.
b. Trick the plebeians into spending money of things they don’t need
c. Advertise political propaganda to the plebians
d. Offer an opportunity for slaves to earn their freedom through work.
22.Which of the following was an expectation of knights under the chivalric code?
a. To settle disputes between internal factions
b. To fight ‘with honor’ and treat prisoners with respect and dignity
c. To fight one another to the death in tournaments
d. To give women equality in all things, and a voice in government.
[Image 1.3]
7
23. Based on the image above [imagine 1.3], this map suggests that the Black
Death spread to Europe as a result of contact with _______.
a. Explorers returning from the Americas
b. Merchants from western Africa
c. Barbarians from Scandinavia
d. Traders from Asia
24. How did the Black Death (the plague) affect the feudal economy of Europe?
a.Trade increased because more deaths led to lower production of food and
products
b. Trade increased because people were more willing to travel from city to city
c. Trade decreased because cities & villages had surpluses of what they
needed
d. Trade decreased because of a lack of production and fear of travel/spread of
the disease
25. Which of the following best describes the term feudalism?
a. A holy war between ChristiansJews, and Muslims
b. Process in which goods are traded for other goods and/or services
c. Division of political power between three separate branches of government
d. A system in which land ownership is exchanged for military service and
loyalty
26. The growth of towns and trade in the Middle Ages changed Europe. What was
one of the major effects on Europe?
a. Churches refused to allow merchants in towns.
b. Merchants and craftspeople established trade guilds.
c. Craftspeople established their own fiefs and manor.
d. Many merchants became knights.
8
27. As the First Crusade began, what did Pope Urban II promise the people?
a. The sins of anyone who participated on the Crusade would be instantly
forgiven
b. Those who fought well would be given a title
c. All Crusaders would be well paid
d. No one who participated would die.
28. What was Charlemagne’s main goal as Emperor?
a. Enforcing peace, promoting Christianity, and learning
b. Finding new trade routes to Asia
c. Defeating Muslim enemies in Palestine
d. To convert all of Europe to Judaism
29. What was the greatest lasting achievement of the Magna Carta (1215)?
a. It ensured that kings could rule with divine right.
b. It forced King Henry VIII to listen to his Barons
c. It set out the principle that “no person is above the law.”
d. It limited the powers of the Pope.
[image 1.4]
9
30. Examine the map above [image 1.4]. What geographic features do all of the
trading cities shown have in common and what does this suggest about the method
of transportation?
a. The cities are all on the silk road, getting goods overland from China, and
sending their goods overland to other countries.
b. The cities are all areas conquered by the Muslim Caliphs. This shows how
Islam spread and took over Europe
c. All of the cities were all part of the Holy Roman Empire. This means
caravans, merchants, and travelers were protected under the Pax Romana
d. Most of these trading cities were on or near water which made it much easier
and safer to transport goods to other trading cities.
31. During the Middle Ages in Europe, the Roman Catholic Church can best be
described as an institution that
a. favored separation from secular governments
b. avoided involvement in social and educational matters
c. was a strong force that divided many people
d. was a stabilizing influence during a period of weak central governments
32. How was the reign of the Frankish king Clovis in A.D. 500 significant?
a. He established an age of prosperity and growth among Germanic tribes.
b. He negotiated a treaty of peace between Rome and Germanic tribes and
established basic rights for all Germanic people.
c. He Freed all slaves in Rome.
d. He was the first Germanic king to formally convert to Christianity.
33. What was most significant about Charlemagne’s coronation as “Emperor of the
Romans”?
a. It signified the official end of the Germanic Kingdoms.
b. It symbolized the joining of Roman, Christian, and Germanic elements
under a Germanic King elected by a Roman Pope.
c. It implied that Christianity was now the official religion of all of Europe.
d.
It signaled the decline of unfair class systems in Europe during the Middle
Ages.
10
34. Constantine focused his energy and resources on creating a new capital city for
the Byzantine Empire. This city was strategically located for better defenses and
enriched with forums, large palaces, and an amphitheater. Now called Istanbul in
the country of Turkey, what was the original name of this famous and important
city?
a. Babylon
b. Nicomedia
c. Constantinople
d. Jerusalem
35. Emperor Justinian and Empress Theodora were one of history's first “power
couples.” Which of the following is Theodora most well known for?
a. She fled the Nika Rebellion and caused the fall of the Byzantine Empire
b. She argued that the empire needed to have more slaves and caused her
husband to invade neighboring countries
c. She was a proponent of having a full democratic rule granting voting rights
to everyone.
d. She fought for more rights for women, including the right of women to own
property and land
36. Roman emperor Justinian achieved his goal of establishing the Roman Empire
in the entire Mediterranean world by 552. What is one of his most important
contributions during his reign?
a. The codification of Roman law through the Body of Civil Law, written
completely in Latin.
b. The complete convection of all Roman citizens to Christianity
c. The construction of the colosseum
d. The printing and mass production of the Christian bible in Rome.
37. What is the term used to describe the split between the Catholic Church of the
west and the Eastern Orthodox Church of the Byzantine Empire?
a. Icon
b. Codification
c. Idoltyo
d. Schism
11
38. What was significant about the newly formed Eastern Roman Empire also
known as The Byzantine Empire?
a. They spoke Latin and mainly worshiped Catholicism.
b. They spoke Greek and mainly worshiped Islam.
c. They spoke Greek and mainly worshiped Catholicism.
d. They Spoke Latin and mainly worshiped Roman emperors as gods.
39. In the Byzantine state, The Emperor, Church Officials, and State Officials were
all bound together in service to what major idea?
a. They championed that all people had the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit
of happiness.
b. They believed that God had commanded their state to preserve the true
Christian state.
c. They believed in the divine right of the ruling class.
d. They believed in the Mandate of Heaven and naturally occurring spiritual
justice within the Universe.
40. What was one main reason that the Roman Empire struggled to stay one
unified kingdom across all of Europe during the third, fourth, and fifth centuries?
a. Mass population decline due to the spread of disease.
b. Lack of resources due to inconsistent trade routes.
c. Language barriers impeding peaceful diplomacy
d. Conflict with the culturally diverse Germanic tribes that refused to submit to
Roman political and religious control.
41. What was unique about Byzantine emperors?
a. They were considered chosen by God and were in charge of both the church
and the state.
b. They were considered chosen by God but only had the authority over
nonreligious matters.
c. They were considered chosen by the people and could be replaced by a
popular vote if disliked.
d. They were considered chosen by the people and therefore only had authority
over public affairs.
12
42. According to the Aztecs religion, how did they postpone the Earth’s inevitable
destruction by the Sun god, Huitzilopochtli?
a. Praying
b. Building monuments to the gods
c. Human sacrifice
d. Sporting events
43. Like the Mayans, the Aztecs were also accomplished, astronomers. What
calendar device did they use to map out the stars and sky?
a. Sun Stone
b. Gregorian Stone
c. Julian Stone
d. Hebrew Stone
44. The Aztec god of war and the sun, Huitzilopochtli, told the Aztecs to search for
a sign that would mark the location of where to build their homeland. This imagery
later became the inspiration for the flag of Mexico. What was that sign?
a. An owl perched on a rock, cleaning its feathers.
b. A sword in a forest, stuck in a stone.
c. A snake coiled around corn, eating a mouse.
d. An eagle perched on a cactus, eating a snake.
45. At is height of power and domination, what was the size of the Aztec Triple
Alliance?
a. Stretched from today’s Mexico to as far south as Guatemala.
b. Was located solely on the Yucatán Peninsula.
c. Stretched from the Great Lakes to as far south as the Gulf of Mexico.
d. Stretched from today’s Ecuador to as far south as central Chile.
13
46. The Inca lacked a writing system, they used knotted strings called quipu for
what purpose?
a. Sports betting.
b. Record keeping.
c. Bee keeping.
d. Equation solving.
47. The Incan emperors became the leader of the entire empire because they were
believed to be descended from who?
a. The Spanish conquistadors.
b. The richest man in their province.
c. The god of the sun, Inti.
d. The founder of the city Cuzco.
48. If many of the Incan Empire cities were in the cliffs and rocks of the Andes
Mountains, how did they achieve agriculture and grow food?
a. Hydroponic farms.
b. Crypto farms.
c. Commercial farms.
d. Terraced farms.
49. The Incan capital city from the 13th to 16th century, Cuzco, was built with
stones fitted so close together that no mortar (glue) was needed. What purpose did
this architecture serve?
a. To withstand the region’s many earthquakes.
b. To make the buildings waterproof.
c. To withstand the weight of the building.
d. To make the buildings bulletproof.
50. If the Incans had no complete writing system, how did their wisemen pass
down Incan history?
a. Cave paintings depicting historical events.
b. Orally telling historical events as stories.
c. Stone carvings to represent historical events.
d. Stamping coins with pictures of historical events.
14
51. What did the conquest of Alexander the Great give rise to?
a. The Dark Ages; a time when little is known about Greek culture.
b. The Age of Lawlessness; a period of extreme cruelty and anarchy in Greece.
c. The Hellenistic Age; a time during which the Greek language and culture
spread to the rest of the world.
d. The Age of Pericles; a time when classical Greek ideals were formatted and
reached their height.
52. How did the geography of Greece impacted the early Greek societies
development?
a. Large flatlands suitable for farming
b. Mountainous terrain causing city states to be very isolated and develop
independently
c. Arid deserts not habitable
d. On a Peninsula with few nearby islands not suitable for sea trade or
developing ships
53. What was the name of the new governmental system developed in Athens,
defined as “the rule of many or majority”?
a. Socialism
b. Communism
c. Theocracy
d. “Demos” or democracy
54. The war fought between the two major city states, which really was a Greek
civil war, was
a. The Persian wars
b. The battle of Marathon
c. The Peloponnesian War
d. The Punic Wars
15
55. By 750 B.C., the __________, or city state, became the central focus of Greek
life.
a. agora
b. polis
c. pantheon
d. hoplite
56. The city state which focused on philosophy, arts, theater, and government was
a. Athens
b. Sparta
c. Marathon
d. Thermopylae
57. Which of the following was the city state which totally focused on a military of
highly disciplined men beginning at age 7?
a. Marathon
b. Athens
c. Thessaloniki
d. Sparta
58. What was the importance of the reforms of Cleisthenes, and later Pericles?
a. They championed monarchy rule over popular democracy.
b. They allowed women the right to rule.
c. They argued for all slaves to be granted freedom in Athens.
d. They laid the foundation for government by the people, democracy.
59. What were rulers in Greece, which seized power by force and who were
motivated by the desire for reforms, called?
a. Dictators
b. Kings
c. Tyrants
d. Bums
16
60. Herodotus recorded in writing the events of the Greek civil war. Because of
this, historians have come to know him as what?
a. A tyrant of Sparta
b. The first Greek General
c. The first writer of a novel
d. The father of history
61. What was one result of the Peloponnesian War?
a. Sparta lost, weakening the credibility of a militaristic culture.
b. The entire Greek peninsula was vulnerable to being invaded
c. Athens lost, temporarily weakening the credibility of democracy as a form
of government.
d. There was a large famine that killed many civilians
62. What is the name of the Greek philosophy in which learning is encouraged
through a system of detailed questions and answers ?
A. Confucianism
B. Plato
C. Socratic Method
D. Aristotle Theory
63. Which description accurately identifies Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle?
a. rulers of the Roman Republic
b. artists of the Italian Renaissance
c. religious leaders of the Persian Empire
d. philosophers of ancient Greece
64. Which technological advancement helped unify both the Roman and the Inca
Empires?
a. Astrolabe
b. Gunpowder
c. Road systems
d. Wheeled carts
17
65. Which of the letters on the map below [image 1.5] best represents the location
of the Incan Empire?
[image 1.5]
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
[Test Ends]
18
[Test Begins]
1. How did the religion of Judaism differ from the other religions of the time?
a. Judaism was monotheistic, believing in only one god.
b. Judaism was polytheistic, believing in many gods.
c. Judaism did not provide laws by which the people were to live their daily
lives
d. Judaism had no sacred text.
2. Which of the following is considered to be one of the world's oldest religions?
a. Hinduism
b. Toasism
c. Buddhism
d. Christianity
3. The Islamic religion was created as a direct result of what major event?
a. New trade routes were created by Arab merchants.
b. The prophet Moses received and transcribed The Ten Commandments.
c. The Prophet Muhammad received and transcribed revelations from the angel
Gabriel.
d. The prophet Jesus was the messiah and preached the gospel of the one true
God.
4. Which major world religion was founded by Siddhartha Gautama?
a. Hinduism
b. Buddhism
c. Christianity
d. Taoism
5. Which two core values do Hinduism and Buddhism share?
a. The Ten Commandments and the leadership of a messiah
b. Reincarnation and Karma
c. Good vs evil and heaven vs. hell
d. Strict Monotheism and rigorous prayer rituals
1
6. The first five books of the Christian bible are the same as the Jewish sacred texts
called the Torah. What does this suggest about the origins of Judaism and
Chrisitianity?
a. Both religions valued written scripture over oral tradition.
b. Both religions believe in reincarnation as a core value.
c. Both religions are older than the Eastern religions.
d. Both religions believe in the same one true God.
7. The Hebrews of the Old Testament foretold of a coming King, which Jesus
Christ claimed to be, this coming King was called
A. Prophet
B. Savior
C. Salvation
D. Messiah
8. The 8 fold path of Buddhism developed in part out of a rejection of which Hindu
core value?
a. The caste system
b. Reincarnation
c. Karma
d. Polytheism
9. All devout Muslims must follow a set of written rules. What are these rules
called?
a. The Koran
b. The Five Pillars
c. The Commandments
d. The Noble Truths
10.The Four Noble Truths of Buddhism include all of the following except
a. Ordinary life is full of sorrow and suffering
b. How you conduct yourself determines the outcome of the wheel of reincarnation
c. Suffering is caused by our desire to satisfy ourselves
d. The way to end suffering is to end desire and follow a Middle Path
2
11. What three categories did Rome’s social structure consist of?
A. Plebeians, women, emperors
a. Patricians, plebeians, slaves
b. Emperor, patricians, plebeians
c. Patricians, plebeians, women
12. Roman emperor Agustus laid down the framework for the Pax Romana. What
was the Pax Romana?
a. A series of fortifications
b. A program of public works
c. A period of peace and prosperity
d. A leader of the senate
Image 1.1
13. Examine the timeline above [image 1.1]. The Punic Wars were a series of three
wars waged by the Roman Republic against rival powers over control of the
western Europe and the Mediterranean. What does the destruction of Carthage in
149 BC and Corinth in 146 BC mean for the people of the Mediterranean?
3
A. Hannibal becomes Consul in Rome and betrays Corinth
B. Xerxes and the Persian empire worked with the Julius Caesar to defeat
Carthage
C. The Spartan army will conquer Greece and go on to conquer the
Mediterranean
D. Rome is the dominant power in the region and will expand dramatically.
14. During the Punic Wars Hannibal crossed the Mediterranean sea and advanced
on Rome from the North through the Alps with elephants, forcing Rome to make a
choice of continuing to attack Carthage or retreat, which Punic War was this? a.
A. First Punic War
B. Second Punic War
C. Third Punic War
D. Persian War
15.The Roman Empire was known for its engineering prowess, using a new
stronger building material called concrete. This was clearly demonstrated in their
widespread use of which structures?
a. aqueducts
b. arches and domes
c. paved roads
d. All of the above
4
[image 1.2]
16. Look at the image above[image 1.2] then answer the following question.
The ancient Romans displayed in their cities’ public squares a standardized code
stating the rights and duties of all Roman citizens. It was an attempt to ensure that
all citizens were treated equally. What were these called?
a. The Twelve Tables
b. The Pax Romana
c. Forum Law
d. The Sicilian Code
17. What was the lasting impact of the Second Triumvirate, a political alliance
formed by Octavian, Lepidus and Mark Antony?
a. They caused a shift from a republic government to an empire.
b. They failed to end a massive civil war in Rome.
c. They Reorganized the Roman social class to allow for more citizen rights for
the lower class.
d. They outlawed slaver in Rome.
5
18. Julius Caesar, Pompey and Crassus formed what is known as The First
Triumvirate. What was the major impact of the First Triumvirate on Roman
politics?
a. They created a new set of laws that were more inclusive to the plebians.
b. They championed the republic as the best form of government.
c. They challenged the checks and balances system of the Roman Republic and
shifted Rome towards dictatorial leadership.
d. They fostered a golden age in Rome of economic prosperity and no war.
19. Julius Caesar, Rome's first dictator, resulted in the citizen's response of:
a. giving in to his complete control, wanting to maintain citizenship
b. allowing his military conquests to continue to expand the empire
c. rebellion against one man having too much power, resulting in his
assassination on the Ides of March
d. voted out of office by the Senate
20. Octavian's defeat of Antony and Cleoptra solidified his rule as emperor and
officially ended the Roman republic. Before it was an empire, ancient Rome had a
republic government that in many ways resembled the current form of government
we have today in America. What were the three main branches of the Roman
Republic?
a. 2 Consuls, 300 Senators, the Plebian Assembly
b. 1 President, 300 senators,2 governors
c. 1 Consuls, 200 Senators, 2 Speakers of the house
d. 1 Dictator, 20 senators, 10 governors
6
21. Gladiator battles were large events usually lasting several days, with food and a
variety of entertainment events much like a fair or a concert today. What was the
main objective of hosting Gladiator battles in ancient Rome?
a. Keep the plebeians occupied and happy and less likely to protest or revolt
against their government.
b. Trick the plebeians into spending money of things they don’t need
c. Advertise political propaganda to the plebians
d. Offer an opportunity for slaves to earn their freedom through work.
22.Which of the following was an expectation of knights under the chivalric code?
a. To settle disputes between internal factions
b. To fight ‘with honor’ and treat prisoners with respect and dignity
c. To fight one another to the death in tournaments
d. To give women equality in all things, and a voice in government.
[Image 1.3]
7
23. Based on the image above [imagine 1.3], this map suggests that the Black
Death spread to Europe as a result of contact with _______.
a. Explorers returning from the Americas
b. Merchants from western Africa
c. Barbarians from Scandinavia
d. Traders from Asia
24. How did the Black Death (the plague) affect the feudal economy of Europe?
a.Trade increased because more deaths led to lower production of food and
products
b. Trade increased because people were more willing to travel from city to city
c. Trade decreased because cities & villages had surpluses of what they
needed
d. Trade decreased because of a lack of production and fear of travel/spread of
the disease
25. Which of the following best describes the term feudalism?
a. A holy war between ChristiansJews, and Muslims
b. Process in which goods are traded for other goods and/or services
c. Division of political power between three separate branches of government
d. A system in which land ownership is exchanged for military service and
loyalty
26. The growth of towns and trade in the Middle Ages changed Europe. What was
one of the major effects on Europe?
a. Churches refused to allow merchants in towns.
b. Merchants and craftspeople established trade guilds.
c. Craftspeople established their own fiefs and manor.
d. Many merchants became knights.
8
27. As the First Crusade began, what did Pope Urban II promise the people?
a. The sins of anyone who participated on the Crusade would be instantly
forgiven
b. Those who fought well would be given a title
c. All Crusaders would be well paid
d. No one who participated would die.
28. What was Charlemagne’s main goal as Emperor?
a. Enforcing peace, promoting Christianity, and learning
b. Finding new trade routes to Asia
c. Defeating Muslim enemies in Palestine
d. To convert all of Europe to Judaism
29. What was the greatest lasting achievement of the Magna Carta (1215)?
a. It ensured that kings could rule with divine right.
b. It forced King Henry VIII to listen to his Barons
c. It set out the principle that “no person is above the law.”
d. It limited the powers of the Pope.
[image 1.4]
9
30. Examine the map above [image 1.4]. What geographic features do all of the
trading cities shown have in common and what does this suggest about the method
of transportation?
a. The cities are all on the silk road, getting goods overland from China, and
sending their goods overland to other countries.
b. The cities are all areas conquered by the Muslim Caliphs. This shows how
Islam spread and took over Europe
c. All of the cities were all part of the Holy Roman Empire. This means
caravans, merchants, and travelers were protected under the Pax Romana
d. Most of these trading cities were on or near water which made it much easier
and safer to transport goods to other trading cities.
31. During the Middle Ages in Europe, the Roman Catholic Church can best be
described as an institution that
a. favored separation from secular governments
b. avoided involvement in social and educational matters
c. was a strong force that divided many people
d. was a stabilizing influence during a period of weak central governments
32. How was the reign of the Frankish king Clovis in A.D. 500 significant?
a. He established an age of prosperity and growth among Germanic tribes.
b. He negotiated a treaty of peace between Rome and Germanic tribes and
established basic rights for all Germanic people.
c. He Freed all slaves in Rome.
d. He was the first Germanic king to formally convert to Christianity.
33. What was most significant about Charlemagne’s coronation as “Emperor of the
Romans”?
a. It signified the official end of the Germanic Kingdoms.
b. It symbolized the joining of Roman, Christian, and Germanic elements
under a Germanic King elected by a Roman Pope.
c. It implied that Christianity was now the official religion of all of Europe.
d.
It signaled the decline of unfair class systems in Europe during the Middle
Ages.
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34. Constantine focused his energy and resources on creating a new capital city for
the Byzantine Empire. This city was strategically located for better defenses and
enriched with forums, large palaces, and an amphitheater. Now called Istanbul in
the country of Turkey, what was the original name of this famous and important
city?
a. Babylon
b. Nicomedia
c. Constantinople
d. Jerusalem
35. Emperor Justinian and Empress Theodora were one of history's first “power
couples.” Which of the following is Theodora most well known for?
a. She fled the Nika Rebellion and caused the fall of the Byzantine Empire
b. She argued that the empire needed to have more slaves and caused her
husband to invade neighboring countries
c. She was a proponent of having a full democratic rule granting voting rights
to everyone.
d. She fought for more rights for women, including the right of women to own
property and land
36. Roman emperor Justinian achieved his goal of establishing the Roman Empire
in the entire Mediterranean world by 552. What is one of his most important
contributions during his reign?
a. The codification of Roman law through the Body of Civil Law, written
completely in Latin.
b. The complete convection of all Roman citizens to Christianity
c. The construction of the colosseum
d. The printing and mass production of the Christian bible in Rome.
37. What is the term used to describe the split between the Catholic Church of the
west and the Eastern Orthodox Church of the Byzantine Empire?
a. Icon
b. Codification
c. Idoltyo
d. Schism
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38. What was significant about the newly formed Eastern Roman Empire also
known as The Byzantine Empire?
a. They spoke Latin and mainly worshiped Catholicism.
b. They spoke Greek and mainly worshiped Islam.
c. They spoke Greek and mainly worshiped Catholicism.
d. They Spoke Latin and mainly worshiped Roman emperors as gods.
39. In the Byzantine state, The Emperor, Church Officials, and State Officials were
all bound together in service to what major idea?
a. They championed that all people had the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit
of happiness.
b. They believed that God had commanded their state to preserve the true
Christian state.
c. They believed in the divine right of the ruling class.
d. They believed in the Mandate of Heaven and naturally occurring spiritual
justice within the Universe.
40. What was one main reason that the Roman Empire struggled to stay one
unified kingdom across all of Europe during the third, fourth, and fifth centuries?
a. Mass population decline due to the spread of disease.
b. Lack of resources due to inconsistent trade routes.
c. Language barriers impeding peaceful diplomacy
d. Conflict with the culturally diverse Germanic tribes that refused to submit to
Roman political and religious control.
41. What was unique about Byzantine emperors?
a. They were considered chosen by God and were in charge of both the church
and the state.
b. They were considered chosen by God but only had the authority over
nonreligious matters.
c. They were considered chosen by the people and could be replaced by a
popular vote if disliked.
d. They were considered chosen by the people and therefore only had authority
over public affairs.
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42. According to the Aztecs religion, how did they postpone the Earth’s inevitable
destruction by the Sun god, Huitzilopochtli?
a. Praying
b. Building monuments to the gods
c. Human sacrifice
d. Sporting events
43. Like the Mayans, the Aztecs were also accomplished, astronomers. What
calendar device did they use to map out the stars and sky?
a. Sun Stone
b. Gregorian Stone
c. Julian Stone
d. Hebrew Stone
44. The Aztec god of war and the sun, Huitzilopochtli, told the Aztecs to search for
a sign that would mark the location of where to build their homeland. This imagery
later became the inspiration for the flag of Mexico. What was that sign?
a. An owl perched on a rock, cleaning its feathers.
b. A sword in a forest, stuck in a stone.
c. A snake coiled around corn, eating a mouse.
d. An eagle perched on a cactus, eating a snake.
45. At is height of power and domination, what was the size of the Aztec Triple
Alliance?
a. Stretched from today’s Mexico to as far south as Guatemala.
b. Was located solely on the Yucatán Peninsula.
c. Stretched from the Great Lakes to as far south as the Gulf of Mexico.
d. Stretched from today’s Ecuador to as far south as central Chile.
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46. The Inca lacked a writing system, they used knotted strings called quipu for
what purpose?
a. Sports betting.
b. Record keeping.
c. Bee keeping.
d. Equation solving.
47. The Incan emperors became the leader of the entire empire because they were
believed to be descended from who?
a. The Spanish conquistadors.
b. The richest man in their province.
c. The god of the sun, Inti.
d. The founder of the city Cuzco.
48. If many of the Incan Empire cities were in the cliffs and rocks of the Andes
Mountains, how did they achieve agriculture and grow food?
a. Hydroponic farms.
b. Crypto farms.
c. Commercial farms.
d. Terraced farms.
49. The Incan capital city from the 13th to 16th century, Cuzco, was built with
stones fitted so close together that no mortar (glue) was needed. What purpose did
this architecture serve?
a. To withstand the region’s many earthquakes.
b. To make the buildings waterproof.
c. To withstand the weight of the building.
d. To make the buildings bulletproof.
50. If the Incans had no complete writing system, how did their wisemen pass
down Incan history?
a. Cave paintings depicting historical events.
b. Orally telling historical events as stories.
c. Stone carvings to represent historical events.
d. Stamping coins with pictures of historical events.
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51. What did the conquest of Alexander the Great give rise to?
a. The Dark Ages; a time when little is known about Greek culture.
b. The Age of Lawlessness; a period of extreme cruelty and anarchy in Greece.
c. The Hellenistic Age; a time during which the Greek language and culture
spread to the rest of the world.
d. The Age of Pericles; a time when classical Greek ideals were formatted and
reached their height.
52. How did the geography of Greece impacted the early Greek societies
development?
a. Large flatlands suitable for farming
b. Mountainous terrain causing city states to be very isolated and develop
independently
c. Arid deserts not habitable
d. On a Peninsula with few nearby islands not suitable for sea trade or
developing ships
53. What was the name of the new governmental system developed in Athens,
defined as “the rule of many or majority”?
a. Socialism
b. Communism
c. Theocracy
d. “Demos” or democracy
54. The war fought between the two major city states, which really was a Greek
civil war, was
a. The Persian wars
b. The battle of Marathon
c. The Peloponnesian War
d. The Punic Wars
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55. By 750 B.C., the __________, or city state, became the central focus of Greek
life.
a. agora
b. polis
c. pantheon
d. hoplite
56. The city state which focused on philosophy, arts, theater, and government was
a. Athens
b. Sparta
c. Marathon
d. Thermopylae
57. Which of the following was the city state which totally focused on a military of
highly disciplined men beginning at age 7?
a. Marathon
b. Athens
c. Thessaloniki
d. Sparta
58. What was the importance of the reforms of Cleisthenes, and later Pericles?
a. They championed monarchy rule over popular democracy.
b. They allowed women the right to rule.
c. They argued for all slaves to be granted freedom in Athens.
d. They laid the foundation for government by the people, democracy.
59. What were rulers in Greece, which seized power by force and who were
motivated by the desire for reforms, called?
a. Dictators
b. Kings
c. Tyrants
d. Bums
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60. Herodotus recorded in writing the events of the Greek civil war. Because of
this, historians have come to know him as what?
a. A tyrant of Sparta
b. The first Greek General
c. The first writer of a novel
d. The father of history
61. What was one result of the Peloponnesian War?
a. Sparta lost, weakening the credibility of a militaristic culture.
b. The entire Greek peninsula was vulnerable to being invaded
c. Athens lost, temporarily weakening the credibility of democracy as a form
of government.
d. There was a large famine that killed many civilians
62. What is the name of the Greek philosophy in which learning is encouraged
through a system of detailed questions and answers ?
A. Confucianism
B. Plato
C. Socratic Method
D. Aristotle Theory
63. Which description accurately identifies Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle?
a. rulers of the Roman Republic
b. artists of the Italian Renaissance
c. religious leaders of the Persian Empire
d. philosophers of ancient Greece
64. Which technological advancement helped unify both the Roman and the Inca
Empires?
a. Astrolabe
b. Gunpowder
c. Road systems
d. Wheeled carts
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65. Which of the letters on the map below [image 1.5] best represents the location
of the Incan Empire?
[image 1.5]
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
[Test Ends]
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