Biology Pretest 1
1. Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
a. The presence or absence of a rigid cell wall.
b. The presence or absence of the endoplasmic reticulum.
c. The presence or absence of ribosomes.
d. The presence or absence of DNA.
2. Which of the following statements is false about mitochondria?
a. They are the site of energy (ATP) production in plant cells.
b. They are the site of energy (ATP) production in animal cells.
c. They are the site of energy (ATP) production in both plant and animal cells.
d. They are the site of photosynthesis in plant cells.
3. Plants and animals exchange materials through the processes of photosynthesis and cellular
respiration. Which of these statements is true about the way these two processes are related?
a. The products of photosynthesis inhibit cellular respiration.
b. The products of photosynthesis are also the products of cellular respiration.
c. The reactants of photosynthesis are also the reactants of cellular respiration.
d. The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration.
4. The process of glycolysis takes place in the _____.
a. cytoplasm
b. nucleus
c. mitochondria
d. chloroplast
5. The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is to _____.
a. pass electrons to the stroma
b. split water molecules
c. absorb light energy
d. all of the above
pH and Enzymes
Experiments were designed to study the effect of pH on the rate of enzyme action for two (2) different
enzymes found in animals - Enzyme A and Enzyme B. Enzyme A is found in the stomach and digests
meats. Enzyme B is found in the intestines and digests fasts. Use the graph to answer the following
questions.
Biology Pretest 2
6. At what pH is Enzyme B working at its maximum rate?
a. 6
b. 7
c. 8
d. 9
7. Since Enzyme A is found in the stomach, what is the probable pH of the stomach?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
Biology Pretest 3
8.
What is the structure identified as letter F in the diagram above?
a. Lipid Head
b. Phosphorous Tail
c. Phospholipid Membrane
d. Glycoprotein
9. Which of the following is most accurate (true):
a. Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not.
b. Both active and passive transport require energy.
c. Osmosis and diffusion are examples of active transport.
d. Passive transport requires energy, while active transport does not.
10. Water moves out of a cell placed in a(n) _____ solution.
a. hypertonic
b. hypotonic
c.
isotonic
d. osmotic
11. Which of the following is NOT a function of photosynthesis?
a.
It provides material for plant growth and development.
b. It releases energy by breaking down glucose.
c.
It helps regulate Earth’s environment.
d. It makes glucose, which stores energy for future use by plants and animals.
Biology Pretest 4
12. Most plants appear green because chlorophyll _____.
a. absorbs green light
b. absorbs violet light
c.
reflects green light
d. reflects violet light
13. The end product of the Calvin cycle is _____.
a. ATP
b. NADPH
c. O2
d. G3P
14. Which is true of mitosis?
a. Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, do not perform mitosis.
b. Multicellular organisms use mitosis for growth and repair.
c. Cytokinesis is a step in mitosis.
d. Mitosis increases genetic diversity from one generation to the next.
15. What phase of mitosis is pictured to the right?
a. Prophase
b. Metaphase
c. Anaphase
d. Telophase
16. What evidence best supports your previous answer?
a. The cell membrane remains intact.
b. The centrioles are forming spindle fibers.
c. The chromosomes are attaching to the spindle fibers.
d. The chromosomes are being pulled toward opposite ends of the cell.
Biology Pretest 5
17. Some plants have the ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually. Asexual reproduction is
less ideal than sexual reproduction for these populations over long periods of time. Populations
with too much asexual reproduction can become vulnerable to catastrophic events, such as
disease. What does sexual reproduction offer to these populations that asexual reproduction
does not?
a. Safety in numbers.
b. A higher contribution to genetic diversity.
c. Less competition for resources.
d. A longer lifespan.
18. Protein structure is essential when evaluating its functionality. A certain protein has lost its
function within an organism. This organism will now likely endure negative health effects for
the remainder of its life. A scientist who is curious as to how this protein has lost its function
looked back to the pond this organism was from. The pond water had high amounts of
radioactive pollution. The scientist immediately suspects _____.
a.
the organism was captured before the radioactive pollution could kill it.
b.
the loss of protein functionality was inherited.
c.
the radiation from the pollution may have caused a genetic mutation which led to a loss
of protein function.
d.
the protein functionality would eventually come back after some time.
19. Organisms that can capture energy and produce food are known as _____.
a. consumers
b. autotrophs
c. heterotrophs
d. omnivores
20. Which of the following organisms would be found nearest to the top level of a food pyramid?
a. Cougar
b. Antelope
c. Plankton
d. Redwood tree
21. As energy flows through an ecosystem, energy _____ at each trophic level.
a.
remains the same
b. increases
c. decreases and then increases
d. decreases
Biology Pretest 6
22. All of the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem make up a food _____.
a.
interaction
b. chain
c. network
d. web
23. Nutrients move through an ecosystem in _____.
a. biogeochemical cycles
b. water cycles
c. energy pyramids
d. ecological pyramids
24. Which of the following nucleic acids is responsible for carrying information from the nucleus
of the cell out into the cytoplasm?
a. DNA
b. rRNA
c. mRNA
d. tRNA
25. What would be the complementary RNA strand for a portion of the DNA that reads as follows:
T-A-G-A-C-G-T-A-G?
a. A-U-C-U-G-C-A-U-C
b. A-T-C-T-G-C-A-T-C
c. U-T-C-T-G-C-U-T-C
d. A-T-U-T-G-U-A-T-U
26. In the diagram to the right, Y is a _____.
a.
fat
b. protein
c. water molecule
d. sugar
Biology Pretest 7
27. Brown eye color is dominant; blue eye color is recessive. IF a brown-eyed man marries a
blue-eyed woman and have a brown-eyed son and blue-eyed daughter, we can safely conclude
that:
a.
the man is not the true father.
b.
the man is heterozygous.
c. eye color is a sex-linked trait.
d.
the man has the genotype for blue eyes but the phenotype for brown eyes.
28. The genetic makeup of an organism is called _____.
a. a trait
b.
its phenotype
c. an allele
d.
its genotype
29. Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an extra chromosome present in the 21st spot
of a human’s karyotype. This extra chromosome is most likely due to:
a. multiple alleles in gene pairings.
b. mitotic cell division in utero.
c. nondisjunction during meiosis.
d. forced development of an unfertilized ovum.
30. A cross between a plant with red flowers and a plant with white flowers produces an F1
generation that all have pink flowers. The simplest explanation for this is:
a. nondominance or incomplete dominance.
b. mutations.
c. crossing over.
d. codominance.
31. Gregor Mendel was able to identify the basic principles of inheritance by:
a. breeding starfish in a tank.
b. growing bacteria in a lab.
c. cross-pollinating pea plants in a garden.
d. breeding flies on meat.
Biology Pretest 8
32. What is the result of normal completion of the cell cycle?
a. Each daughter cell contains one-half the number of chromosomes as the original cell.
b. Two identical daughter cells that are also identical to the original cell.
c. Each daughter cell contains twice the number of chromosomes as the original cell.
d. One daughter cell with twice the number of chromosomes, and one non-viable daughter
cell that contains no chromosomes.
33. What process is used to create plants that are more resistant to insects?
a. Geographical isolation
b. Genetic engineering
c. Natural selection
d. Pesticides
34. In pea plants, having purple flowers is dominant over having white flowers. If a heterozygous
purple-flowered plant was crossed with a white-flowered plant, what would be the expected
phenotypes of the offspring?
a. 100% purple-flowered plants; 0% white-flowered plants
b. 75% purple-flowered plants; 25% white-flowered plants
c. 50% purple-flowered plants; 50% white-flowered plants
d. 25% purple-flowered plants; 75% white-flowered plants
35. The introduction of new genes into the gene pool of a population occurs through the process of
_____.
a. overproduction
b. crossing-over during meiosis
c. mutation
d. survival of the fittest
36. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation shows if there are _____ in a population?
a. new diseases
b. changes in the death rate
c. changes in allele frequencies
d. changes in the birth rate
Biology Pretest 9
37. When would the growth rate of a population increase?
a. When the birth rate is greater than the death rate.
b. When the birth rate is equal to the death rate.
c. When the birth rate is less than the death rate.
d. When the immigration rate equals the emigration rate.
38. The number of individuals of a single species per unit area is known as _____.
a. carrying capacity
b.
logistic growth
c. population density
d. population growth rate
39. According to the rules of binomial nomenclature, which term is capitalized in an organism’s
scientific name?
a. Genus name only
b. Species name only
c. Both genus and species names
d. Neither genus or species names
40. One reason common names are not used to identify organism is that they:
a. are in Latin.
b. can apply to more than one organism.
c. are too long.
d. require the use of a dichotomous key.
41. A group of individuals of the same species that interbreed make up a _____.
a. gene pool
b. population
c. genetic drift
d. species
42. Earth’s early atmosphere contained little or no _____.
a. hydrogen cyanide
b. hydrogen sulfide
c. nitrogen
d. oxygen
Biology Pretest 10
43. The success of an organism in surviving and reproducing is a measure of its _____.
a.
fitness
b. polygenic traits
c. speciation
d. gene pool
44. Traits that are controlled by more than one gene, such as human height, are known as:
a. single-gene traits.
b. polygenic traits.
c.
recessive traits.
d. dominant traits.
45. The combined genetic information of all members of a particular population forms a:
a. gene pool.
b. niche.
c. phenotype.
d. population.
46. A protected wildlife area allows local hunters to shoot deer when their population rises over a
certain level. This is an example of:
a. habitat degradation.
b. habitat fragmentation.
c. habitat loss.
d. sustainable loss.
47. The biggest threat to global biodiversity is:
a. habitat degradation.
b. habitat fragmentation.
c. habitat loss.
d.
invasive species.
Biology Pretest 11
48. Water lilies do not grow in the desert sand because water availability to these plants in the
desert is:
a. a limiting factor.
b.
the carrying capacity.
c. a competition factor.
d.
the logistic growth curve.
49. The maximum number of organisms of a particular species that can be supported by an
environment is called:
a.
logistic growth.
b. carrying capacity.
c. exponential growth.
d. population density.
50. If a population grows larger than carrying capacity of its environment,
a.
the death rate may rise.
b.
the birth rate may rise.
c.
the death rate may fall.
d.
the immigration rate may rise.
1. Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
a. The presence or absence of a rigid cell wall.
b. The presence or absence of the endoplasmic reticulum.
c. The presence or absence of ribosomes.
d. The presence or absence of DNA.
2. Which of the following statements is false about mitochondria?
a. They are the site of energy (ATP) production in plant cells.
b. They are the site of energy (ATP) production in animal cells.
c. They are the site of energy (ATP) production in both plant and animal cells.
d. They are the site of photosynthesis in plant cells.
3. Plants and animals exchange materials through the processes of photosynthesis and cellular
respiration. Which of these statements is true about the way these two processes are related?
a. The products of photosynthesis inhibit cellular respiration.
b. The products of photosynthesis are also the products of cellular respiration.
c. The reactants of photosynthesis are also the reactants of cellular respiration.
d. The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration.
4. The process of glycolysis takes place in the _____.
a. cytoplasm
b. nucleus
c. mitochondria
d. chloroplast
5. The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is to _____.
a. pass electrons to the stroma
b. split water molecules
c. absorb light energy
d. all of the above
pH and Enzymes
Experiments were designed to study the effect of pH on the rate of enzyme action for two (2) different
enzymes found in animals - Enzyme A and Enzyme B. Enzyme A is found in the stomach and digests
meats. Enzyme B is found in the intestines and digests fasts. Use the graph to answer the following
questions.
Biology Pretest 2
6. At what pH is Enzyme B working at its maximum rate?
a. 6
b. 7
c. 8
d. 9
7. Since Enzyme A is found in the stomach, what is the probable pH of the stomach?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
Biology Pretest 3
8.
What is the structure identified as letter F in the diagram above?
a. Lipid Head
b. Phosphorous Tail
c. Phospholipid Membrane
d. Glycoprotein
9. Which of the following is most accurate (true):
a. Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not.
b. Both active and passive transport require energy.
c. Osmosis and diffusion are examples of active transport.
d. Passive transport requires energy, while active transport does not.
10. Water moves out of a cell placed in a(n) _____ solution.
a. hypertonic
b. hypotonic
c.
isotonic
d. osmotic
11. Which of the following is NOT a function of photosynthesis?
a.
It provides material for plant growth and development.
b. It releases energy by breaking down glucose.
c.
It helps regulate Earth’s environment.
d. It makes glucose, which stores energy for future use by plants and animals.
Biology Pretest 4
12. Most plants appear green because chlorophyll _____.
a. absorbs green light
b. absorbs violet light
c.
reflects green light
d. reflects violet light
13. The end product of the Calvin cycle is _____.
a. ATP
b. NADPH
c. O2
d. G3P
14. Which is true of mitosis?
a. Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, do not perform mitosis.
b. Multicellular organisms use mitosis for growth and repair.
c. Cytokinesis is a step in mitosis.
d. Mitosis increases genetic diversity from one generation to the next.
15. What phase of mitosis is pictured to the right?
a. Prophase
b. Metaphase
c. Anaphase
d. Telophase
16. What evidence best supports your previous answer?
a. The cell membrane remains intact.
b. The centrioles are forming spindle fibers.
c. The chromosomes are attaching to the spindle fibers.
d. The chromosomes are being pulled toward opposite ends of the cell.
Biology Pretest 5
17. Some plants have the ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually. Asexual reproduction is
less ideal than sexual reproduction for these populations over long periods of time. Populations
with too much asexual reproduction can become vulnerable to catastrophic events, such as
disease. What does sexual reproduction offer to these populations that asexual reproduction
does not?
a. Safety in numbers.
b. A higher contribution to genetic diversity.
c. Less competition for resources.
d. A longer lifespan.
18. Protein structure is essential when evaluating its functionality. A certain protein has lost its
function within an organism. This organism will now likely endure negative health effects for
the remainder of its life. A scientist who is curious as to how this protein has lost its function
looked back to the pond this organism was from. The pond water had high amounts of
radioactive pollution. The scientist immediately suspects _____.
a.
the organism was captured before the radioactive pollution could kill it.
b.
the loss of protein functionality was inherited.
c.
the radiation from the pollution may have caused a genetic mutation which led to a loss
of protein function.
d.
the protein functionality would eventually come back after some time.
19. Organisms that can capture energy and produce food are known as _____.
a. consumers
b. autotrophs
c. heterotrophs
d. omnivores
20. Which of the following organisms would be found nearest to the top level of a food pyramid?
a. Cougar
b. Antelope
c. Plankton
d. Redwood tree
21. As energy flows through an ecosystem, energy _____ at each trophic level.
a.
remains the same
b. increases
c. decreases and then increases
d. decreases
Biology Pretest 6
22. All of the interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem make up a food _____.
a.
interaction
b. chain
c. network
d. web
23. Nutrients move through an ecosystem in _____.
a. biogeochemical cycles
b. water cycles
c. energy pyramids
d. ecological pyramids
24. Which of the following nucleic acids is responsible for carrying information from the nucleus
of the cell out into the cytoplasm?
a. DNA
b. rRNA
c. mRNA
d. tRNA
25. What would be the complementary RNA strand for a portion of the DNA that reads as follows:
T-A-G-A-C-G-T-A-G?
a. A-U-C-U-G-C-A-U-C
b. A-T-C-T-G-C-A-T-C
c. U-T-C-T-G-C-U-T-C
d. A-T-U-T-G-U-A-T-U
26. In the diagram to the right, Y is a _____.
a.
fat
b. protein
c. water molecule
d. sugar
Biology Pretest 7
27. Brown eye color is dominant; blue eye color is recessive. IF a brown-eyed man marries a
blue-eyed woman and have a brown-eyed son and blue-eyed daughter, we can safely conclude
that:
a.
the man is not the true father.
b.
the man is heterozygous.
c. eye color is a sex-linked trait.
d.
the man has the genotype for blue eyes but the phenotype for brown eyes.
28. The genetic makeup of an organism is called _____.
a. a trait
b.
its phenotype
c. an allele
d.
its genotype
29. Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an extra chromosome present in the 21st spot
of a human’s karyotype. This extra chromosome is most likely due to:
a. multiple alleles in gene pairings.
b. mitotic cell division in utero.
c. nondisjunction during meiosis.
d. forced development of an unfertilized ovum.
30. A cross between a plant with red flowers and a plant with white flowers produces an F1
generation that all have pink flowers. The simplest explanation for this is:
a. nondominance or incomplete dominance.
b. mutations.
c. crossing over.
d. codominance.
31. Gregor Mendel was able to identify the basic principles of inheritance by:
a. breeding starfish in a tank.
b. growing bacteria in a lab.
c. cross-pollinating pea plants in a garden.
d. breeding flies on meat.
Biology Pretest 8
32. What is the result of normal completion of the cell cycle?
a. Each daughter cell contains one-half the number of chromosomes as the original cell.
b. Two identical daughter cells that are also identical to the original cell.
c. Each daughter cell contains twice the number of chromosomes as the original cell.
d. One daughter cell with twice the number of chromosomes, and one non-viable daughter
cell that contains no chromosomes.
33. What process is used to create plants that are more resistant to insects?
a. Geographical isolation
b. Genetic engineering
c. Natural selection
d. Pesticides
34. In pea plants, having purple flowers is dominant over having white flowers. If a heterozygous
purple-flowered plant was crossed with a white-flowered plant, what would be the expected
phenotypes of the offspring?
a. 100% purple-flowered plants; 0% white-flowered plants
b. 75% purple-flowered plants; 25% white-flowered plants
c. 50% purple-flowered plants; 50% white-flowered plants
d. 25% purple-flowered plants; 75% white-flowered plants
35. The introduction of new genes into the gene pool of a population occurs through the process of
_____.
a. overproduction
b. crossing-over during meiosis
c. mutation
d. survival of the fittest
36. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation shows if there are _____ in a population?
a. new diseases
b. changes in the death rate
c. changes in allele frequencies
d. changes in the birth rate
Biology Pretest 9
37. When would the growth rate of a population increase?
a. When the birth rate is greater than the death rate.
b. When the birth rate is equal to the death rate.
c. When the birth rate is less than the death rate.
d. When the immigration rate equals the emigration rate.
38. The number of individuals of a single species per unit area is known as _____.
a. carrying capacity
b.
logistic growth
c. population density
d. population growth rate
39. According to the rules of binomial nomenclature, which term is capitalized in an organism’s
scientific name?
a. Genus name only
b. Species name only
c. Both genus and species names
d. Neither genus or species names
40. One reason common names are not used to identify organism is that they:
a. are in Latin.
b. can apply to more than one organism.
c. are too long.
d. require the use of a dichotomous key.
41. A group of individuals of the same species that interbreed make up a _____.
a. gene pool
b. population
c. genetic drift
d. species
42. Earth’s early atmosphere contained little or no _____.
a. hydrogen cyanide
b. hydrogen sulfide
c. nitrogen
d. oxygen
Biology Pretest 10
43. The success of an organism in surviving and reproducing is a measure of its _____.
a.
fitness
b. polygenic traits
c. speciation
d. gene pool
44. Traits that are controlled by more than one gene, such as human height, are known as:
a. single-gene traits.
b. polygenic traits.
c.
recessive traits.
d. dominant traits.
45. The combined genetic information of all members of a particular population forms a:
a. gene pool.
b. niche.
c. phenotype.
d. population.
46. A protected wildlife area allows local hunters to shoot deer when their population rises over a
certain level. This is an example of:
a. habitat degradation.
b. habitat fragmentation.
c. habitat loss.
d. sustainable loss.
47. The biggest threat to global biodiversity is:
a. habitat degradation.
b. habitat fragmentation.
c. habitat loss.
d.
invasive species.
Biology Pretest 11
48. Water lilies do not grow in the desert sand because water availability to these plants in the
desert is:
a. a limiting factor.
b.
the carrying capacity.
c. a competition factor.
d.
the logistic growth curve.
49. The maximum number of organisms of a particular species that can be supported by an
environment is called:
a.
logistic growth.
b. carrying capacity.
c. exponential growth.
d. population density.
50. If a population grows larger than carrying capacity of its environment,
a.
the death rate may rise.
b.
the birth rate may rise.
c.
the death rate may fall.
d.
the immigration rate may rise.